met-roe-NYE-da-zole
Metronidazole has been shown to be carcinogenic in mice and rats. Its use, therefore, should be reserved only for conditions for which it is approved .
Commonly used brand name(s)
In the U.S.
- Flagyl I.V.
- Flagyl I.V. RTU
Available Dosage Forms:
- Solution
- Powder for Solution
Therapeutic Class: Antibiotic
Chemical Class: Nitroimidazole
Uses For metronidazole
Metronidazole injection is used to treat serious bacterial infections in different areas of the body. It is also used to prevent infections in the intestines before and after surgery for some patients.
Metronidazole belongs to the class of medicines known as antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth. However, metronidazole will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.
metronidazole is to be administered only by or under the immediate supervision of your doctor.
Before Using metronidazole
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For metronidazole, the following should be considered:
Allergies
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to metronidazole or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Pediatric
Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of metronidazole injection in the pediatric population. Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Geriatric
No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of metronidazole injection in geriatric patients.
Pregnancy
| Pregnancy Category | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|
| All Trimesters | B | Animal studies have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus, however, there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR animal studies have shown an adverse effect, but adequate studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus. |
Breast Feeding
There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Interactions with Medicines
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving metronidazole, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using metronidazole with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
- Amprenavir
- Disulfiram
Using metronidazole with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Amiodarone
- Busulfan
- Fluorouracil
- Mycophenolate Mofetil
- Warfarin
Using metronidazole with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Carbamazepine
- Cholestyramine
- Cyclosporine
- Lithium
- Milk Thistle
- Tacrolimus
Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using metronidazole with any of the following is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication, change some of the other medicines you take, or give you special instructions about the use of food, alcohol, or tobacco.
- Ethanol
Other Medical Problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of metronidazole. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
- Edema (too much fluid in the body) or
- Leukopenia (low white blood cells), history of or
- Optic neuropathy (eye disease with vision changes), history of or
- Oral thrush (Candida infection) or
- Peripheral neuropathy (nerve disease with pain, numbness, or tingling), history of or
- Seizures, history of or
- Vaginal yeast infection (Candida infection)—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.
- Liver disease, severe—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body.
Proper Use of metronidazole
A nurse or other trained health professional will give you metronidazole in a hospital. metronidazole is given through a needle placed in one of your veins.
Your doctor will give you a few doses of metronidazole until your condition improves, and then switch you to an oral medicine that works the same way. If you have any concerns about this, talk to your doctor.
If you have taken a medicine called disulfiram (Antabuse®) within the last 2 weeks, you should not receive metronidazole until you talk to your doctor. Disulfiram is used to help people who have a drinking problem. If these 2 medicines are used close together, serious unwanted effects may occur.
Precautions While Using metronidazole
It is important that your doctor check your progress while you are receiving metronidazole. This is to make sure that the infection is cleared up. Blood tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.
Drinking alcoholic beverages while you are receiving metronidazole may cause stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, or flushing or redness of the face. Other alcohol-containing preparations (e.g., elixirs, cough syrups, tonics) may also cause problems. metronidazole may also cause alcoholic beverages to taste different. You should not drink alcoholic beverages or take other alcohol-containing preparations while you are receiving metronidazole.
Check with your doctor right away if you have dizziness, problems with muscle control or coordination, shakiness or an unsteady walk, slurred speech, or trouble with speaking. These may be symptoms of a serious brain condition called encephalopathy.
Check with your doctor right away if you are having burning, numbness, tingling, or painful sensations in the arms, hands, legs, or feet. These could be symptoms of a condition called peripheral neuropathy.
Call your doctor right away if you have confusion, drowsiness, fever, a general feeling of illness, a headache, loss of appetite, nausea, a stiff neck or back, or vomiting. These could be symptoms of a serious condition called aseptic meningitis.
Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.
metronidazole Side Effects
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor or nurse immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
- Agitation
- back pain
- blindness
- blurred vision
- burning, numbness, tingling, or painful sensations in the hands or feet
- confusion
- decreased vision
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- eye pain
- fever
- hallucinations
- headache
- irritability
- mood or mental changes
- nausea
- seizures (convulsions)
- stiff neck or back
- unsteadiness or awkwardness
- unusual tiredness or weakness
- vomiting
- weakness in the arms, hands, legs, or feet
- Black, tarry stools
- blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
- changes in speech patterns
- changes in skin color
- chest pain
- chills
- cough
- diarrhea
- fainting
- feeling of warmth
- itching
- joint or muscle pain
- lower back or side pain
- pain, tenderness, or swelling of the foot or leg
- painful or difficult urination
- pale skin
- red skin lesions, often with a purple center
- red, irritated eyes
- redness of the face, neck, arms, and occasionally, upper chest
- shakiness and unsteady walk
- shortness of breath
- slurred speech
- sore throat
- sores, ulcers, or white spots in the mouth or on the lips
- trouble with speaking
- ulcers, sores, or white spots in the mouth
- unsteadiness, trembling, or other problems with muscle control or coordination
- unusual bleeding or bruising
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Incidence not known
- Abdominal or stomach discomfort
- dry mouth
- hives or welts
- redness of the skin
- skin rash
- stuffy nose
- unpleasant metallic taste
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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More metronidazole Intravenous resources
- Metronidazole Intravenous Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
- Drug Images
- Metronidazole Intravenous Drug Interactions
- Metronidazole Intravenous Support Group
- 107 Reviews for Metronidazole Intravenous - Add your own review/rating
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